An epidural is a regional anaesthetic used during labour to manage pain while allowing you to remain alert and aware during the birth of your baby. It's one of the most effective forms of pain relief available during childbirth.
How an Epidural Works
The procedure involves positioning you in a "C" shape to access your spine. An anaesthesiologist will:
- Numb the area with a local anaesthetic
- Using a hollow needle as a guide, place a tiny, flexible catheter into your lower back directly into the epidural space
- Remove the needle, leaving only the soft catheter in place
The catheter enables continuous or on-demand medication delivery, with effects typically appearing within minutes.
Advantages of an Epidural
- Enhanced comfort and better birth experience
- Rest and recovery - allows you to conserve energy for labour
- Alertness - you remain awake and aware throughout
- Flexibility - can be converted to surgical anaesthesia if a caesarean section becomes necessary
- Reduced anxiety about labour pain
Potential Risks and Side Effects
Like any medical procedure, epidurals carry some risks:
- Blood pressure drops - monitored closely by medical staff
- Restricted movement - you'll need to stay in bed
- Possible need for assisted delivery (forceps or vacuum)
- Shivering during labour
- Back soreness at the injection site (temporary)
- Fever
- Inconsistent pain relief in some cases
- Severe headaches - occur in less than 1% of cases
When an Epidural May Not Be Suitable
Epidurals are contraindicated in certain situations:
- If you're taking blood thinners
- Blood clotting disorders
- Active infections
- Shock or very low blood pressure
- Rapid labour progression
Walking Epidural
A "walking epidural" is a variant designed to dull pain while potentially allowing some mobility. However, dosing and balance concerns mean this option is still largely experimental, and most women still remain in bed.
Making Your Decision
The decision to have an epidural is personal. Discuss your options with your healthcare provider during your antenatal appointments so you can make an informed choice.
Remember: the priority is always a safe and healthy birth for both mother and baby.
Have questions about your birth options? Book a pregnancy scan at Ultrasound Ireland. Call 01 210 0232.