When the liver is exposed to disease or injury, healthy tissue can be replaced with scar tissue - a process known as fibrosis. Recognising liver stiffness early allows for timely interventions to prevent severe conditions from developing.
What is Liver Stiffness?
Liver stiffness refers to the hardening of liver tissue, measured in kilopascals (kPa) using elastography or FibroScan technology. As the liver becomes damaged, it loses its soft, spongy texture and becomes progressively stiffer.
Common Causes
Several conditions can lead to liver stiffness:
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
- Alcoholic liver disease
- Viral hepatitis (Hepatitis B and C)
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Biliary obstruction
- Hemochromatosis (iron overload)
Symptoms to Watch For
Early Stages
Often asymptomatic, but may include:
- Unexplained fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Itchy skin
Advanced Stages
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)
- Abdominal swelling (ascites)
- Mental confusion
- Easy bruising or bleeding
The Fibrosis Scale (F0-F4)
FibroScan classifies liver scarring severity:
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
| F0 | No fibrosis |
| F1 | Mild fibrosis |
| F2 | Moderate fibrosis |
| F3 | Severe fibrosis |
| F4 | Cirrhosis |
Early detection at F1-F2 stages offers the best opportunity for intervention and potential reversal.
Risks of Untreated Liver Stiffness
Without treatment, progressive fibrosis can lead to:
- Cirrhosis
- Liver failure
- Increased risk of liver cancer
- Portal hypertension
How Liver Stiffness is Measured
FibroScan (Liver Elastography) is a non-invasive ultrasound-based technology that measures liver stiffness in just minutes. It's painless and provides immediate results.
Factors that can affect test accuracy include:
- Obesity
- Acute inflammation
- Ascites (fluid in abdomen)
- Recent meals (fasting is recommended)
Prevention and Management
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Limit or abstain from alcohol
- Manage chronic conditions like diabetes
- Get vaccinated against hepatitis
- Regular screening if you have risk factors
- Follow a balanced diet low in processed foods
Ultrasound Ireland offers Liver Elastography (FibroScan) to assess liver health. Book your scan by calling 01 210 0232.